I
was in the town of Newburyport, Massachusetts just before July 4th. It’s a nice water town nestled on the eastern
seaboard, midway between Maine and Boston.
It still has a colonial look to it.
This quaint community of old brick buildings was settled in 1722. It’s the kind of place you want to stroll
through for a few hours, sit outside on a sidewalk bench, and eat ice cream
while you people watch.
It’s
also the kind of place perfectly set for a bookstore. HUGO Bookstore shares an open wall with its
neighbor, a café. They are of equal size
and certainly pair well together. On one
of the shelves of this flourishing indie since 1972 (it has two sister stores,
one in Andover dating back to 1809) held a book of interest – The Pun
Also Rises, by John Pollack. Its
subtitle more than adequately summarizes its contents: “How the humble pun revolutionized language,
changed history, and made wordplay more than some antics.”
The
author is well-positioned to pen such a book.
The former speechwriter for President Bill Clinton was a winner of the World
Pun Championship. He boldly asserts that
punning has revolutionized language and made possible the rise of modern
civilization.
Puns
are often used in advertising, pop music, literature, plays, politics, news
media and academia. Comedians like them
too. Pollack notes, however, that puns
used to mean something other than what they’ve become. He wrote:
“In ancient, Babylonia and Greece, to wit, punning often had religious
implications and could even lead to armed conflict.”
Them’s
fightin’ words!
“Critics
and curmudgeons often deride the pun as the lowest form of humor," writes the
author. “Others would counter that if that’s true, it would make punning the
foundations of all humor.”
So
what exactly is a pun?
“Webster’s
dictionary defines a pun as ‘the humorous use of a word in such a way as to
suggest different meanings or applications or of words having the or nearly the
same sound but different meanings,’” says the author. “But such definitions don’t capture all forms
of what we commonly consider puns a failure these dictionaries tacitly
acknowledge with the additional, much broader definition of ‘play on words.’”
The
writer correctly notes that “whether any given pun is clever, funny or neither
always depends on the audience.”
Puns
will always be with us, especially for those who love language and books and
who recognize there’s power in using puns.
Did we need a whole book on puns?
Maybe not, though it is an interesting exploration into how we can benefit
from using puns. I leave you with a few
select excerpts:
1.
“Another
close cousin of these transposition puns is the chiasmus derived from the Greek
word for cross-wise arrangement. A
chiasmus simply reverses the order of words in similar phrases to give them
different meanings For instance, an
epitaph to a nineteenth-century musician summed up his life as follows: “Stephen beat time, now time beats
Stephen.” In a different context, movie
star Mae West once quipped that ‘it’s not the men in my life that count – it’s
the life in my men.’”
2.
“Incidentally,
both irony and sarcasm are, like puns, a way to say one thing and mean
another. However, irony and sarcasm
don’t suffer the pun’s poor reputation. Maybe this is because punning, which
seeks to create a connection between words or ideas, is inherently an attempt
at intellectual construction. Irony and
sarcasm, by contrast, tend to be acts of criticism or destruction. Generally speaking, it’s much harder to
create than to criticize, and so fewer people are willing to take the
risk. This may explain why many people
arbitrarily prefer irony and sarcasm to punning, because they’re easier and
safer. Which isn’t to say that one can’t
be creative and funny with irony or sarcasm, as Jerry Seinfeld has proven to
hilarious effect. “
3.
“Richard
Lederer, author of Get Thee to a Punnery
and many other books on language and humor, argues that puns help us find such
meaning in a chaotic world. “Human
beings love uniting things that seem disparate,” He said. “We love finding
significance in what appears to be swirling data.” A former English teacher, Lederer believes
that the increasing use of digital technology actually heightens people’s
inclination and ability to make connections, both logically and lexically. ‘I think we’re in a renaissance for puns.’”
4.
“This
observation would likely ring true to many of his contemporaries, and to every
generation that has gone before. Language has always been in flux as words,
spelling and grammar constantly mutate, along with meaning. Trying to control this evolution is like
squeezing a fistful of sand – the harder you grip, the more it slips away. Over the course of human history entire
civilizations, languages and alphabets have risen and fallen, even some that
long seemed invincible. But through all
of this epic change, over tens of thousands of years, puns and punsters have
always survived. Often, it was they who
actually drove such change.
“Inevitably, some people will never like
punning because it fogs up the lens of clarity through which they view the
world and impose order, or at least the illusion of order. But if puns seem, at times, to confuse, they
actually enlighten us through both laughter and insight. They keep us from taking ourselves too
seriously, and sharpen our capacity for creative thinking. Ultimately, puns keep our minds alert, engaged
and nimble in this quickening world, revealing new connections and fresh
interpretations. And that’s why, even as
we hurtle into a future of uncertain opportunities, puns will always be more
than some antics.”
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